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    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 28, July 2026.
  • Provable cluster-preserving visualizations with curvature-based stochastic neighbor embeddings
    by Tristan Luca SaidiAbigail HickokBastian RieckAndrew J. Blumbergahttps://ror.org/00hj8s172Department of Computer Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027bhttps://ror.org/00hj8s172Department of Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027cDepartment of Machine Learning, University, Fribourg 1700, Switzerlanddhttps://ror.org/00hj8s172Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 28, July 2026. SignificanceWidely adopted Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (SNE) techniques like UMAP and tSNE have been used to make inferences in a range of scientific disciplines. Despite this, they are prone to producing visualizations that fragment underlying clusters …
  • Localized sample-based quantum diagonalization for strongly correlated chemistry
    by Qiaohong WangKevin J. SungRuhee D’CunhaMatthew R. HermesTanvi GujaratiYukio KawashimaYu-ya OhnishiGavin O. JonesMario MottaLaura Gagliardiahttps://ror.org/024mw5h28Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637bChicago Quantum Institute, Chicago, IL 60637cInternational Business Machines Corporation Quantum, International Business Machines Corporation T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598dhttps://ror.org/024mw5h28Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637eInternational Business Machines Corporation Quantum, International Business Machines Corporation Research-Almaden, San Jose, CA 95120fInternational Business Machines Corporation Quantum, International Business Machines Corporation Research-Tokyo, Tokyo, JapangMaterials Informatics Initiative, RD Technology and Digital Transformation Center, Electronic Materials Division, JSR Corporation, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 28, July 2026. SignificanceStrongly correlated systems, such as transition-metal complexes, are central to catalysis and energy science, and remain challenging for classical algorithms because their ground states are not qualitatively approximated by a single electron …
  • Multiplexing in networks and diffusion
    by Arun G. ChandrasekharVasu ChaudharyBenjamin GolubMatthew O. Jacksonahttps://ror.org/00f54p054Department of Economics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305bhttps://ror.org/04grmx538National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA 02138chttps://ror.org/01nztb982Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab, Cambridge, MA 02142dDepartment of Economics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208ehttps://ror.org/00f54p054Department of Economics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305fhttps://ror.org/01arysc35Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM 87501
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 28, July 2026. SignificanceSocial and economic networks are often multiplexed, meaning that people are connected by multiple, distinct types of relationships. We develop theory about diffusion in multiplexed networks, showing that people having more types of …
  • Helfrich walls in nematic toroidal droplets in the presence of magnetic fields
    by Javier Rojo-GonzalezCharlotte G. SlaughterPeter J. CollingsJay KikkawaArjun G. YodhAlberto Fernandez-Nievesahttps://ror.org/021018s57Department of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spainbhttps://ror.org/021018s57Institute of Complex Systems (UBICS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spainchttps://ror.org/00b30xv10Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104dhttps://ror.org/0371hy230Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats, Barcelona 08010, Spain
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 28, July 2026. SignificanceDefects are ubiquitous in physics. They appear in phase transitions and affect material properties. Among them, nonsingular walls are 2D structures that are relatively rare and often form in uncontrolled ways. In nematic liquid crystals, …
  • IL-13 signaling in cDC2 is required for systemic anaphylactic responses
    by Yasuyo HaradaTakanori SasakiKazushige Obata-NinomiyaTakahiro MatsuyamaSatoshi UehaShigeyuki ShichinoTakashi WatanabeShuhei OgawaSewon KiYoshie SuzukiNaoto ItoYasutaka MotomuraHideki UenoSteven F. ZieglerHiromasa InouePeter BurrowsBrian S. KimKenneth M. MurphyMasato Kuboahttps://ror.org/05sj3n476Division of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-0022, JapanbDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japanchttps://ror.org/04j9rp686Benaroya Research Institute, Center for Fundamental Immunology, Seattle, WA 98101-2795dhttps://ror.org/03ss88z23Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0075, Japanehttps://ror.org/05sj3n476Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Tokyo University of Science, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-0022, JapanfLaboratory for Integrative Genomics, Center for Integrative Medical Science, RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japanghttps://ror.org/05sj3n476Division of Integrated Research, Tokyo University of Science, CNoda-shi, hiba 278-0022, JapanhLaboratory for Cytokine Regulation, Center for Integrative Medical Science, RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japanihttps://ror.org/05sj3n476Division of Immunology and Allergy, Research Institute for Biomedical Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-0022, Japanjhttps://ror.org/02kpeqv85Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japankhttps://ror.org/008s83205Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294lhttps://ror.org/04a9tmd77Kimberly and Eric J. Waldman Department of Dermatology, Mark Lebwohl Center for Neuroinflammation and Sensation, Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10019mhttps://ror.org/01d0zv889Allen Discovery Center for Neuroimmune Interactions, New York, NY 10019nhttps://ror.org/01yc7t268Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110ohttps://ror.org/02kpeqv85Kyoto University Immunomonitoring Center, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyou-ku, Kyoto 606-8397, Japan
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 28, July 2026. SignificanceCutaneous allergen sensitization (CAS) drives atopic dermatitis and initiates the “atopic march” toward systemic anaphylaxis. Although interleukin-13 (IL-13) is known to influence the development of high-affinity IgE, the specific cellular …
  • A phase oscillator model of cell cycles reveals nuclear density control in a branched fungal network
    by Grace A. McLaughlinBenjamin M. StormoAmeya P. JalihalTaylor L. PompanMadhav ManiTimothy C. ElstonAmy S. Gladfelterahttps://ror.org/0130frc33Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599bhttps://ror.org/00py81415Department of Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705cDepartment of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208dhttps://ror.org/0130frc33Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599ehttps://ror.org/0130frc33Computational Medicine Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 28, July 2026. SignificanceMultinucleate cells appear in diverse biological contexts, from human tissues to filamentous fungi, yet many fundamental aspects of their cell biology are still unclear. Regulating the nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio is important across cell …
  • SpyCEP dismantles neutrophil immunity via disorder-driven chemokine remodeling and GAG targeting
    by Rikin J. LauSean P. GiblinAndra SugarAntonio Di MaioGiulio TassiniKristin HuseDror ChorevYuan ChenGrace Ho-Yan WuCamilla Berg HuemerSeung Yon KimJayden MatthewsBel MuloudLu ChenSophie McKennaYingqi XuLuisa MassaiChiara MuzziXhenti FerhatiFrancesca NecchiDanilo Gomes MorielTen FeiziYan LiuJames E. PeaseShiranee SriskandanSteve Matthewsahttps://ror.org/041kmwe10Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdombhttps://ror.org/041kmwe10Centre for Bacterial Resistance Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdomchttps://ror.org/041kmwe10National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdomdhttps://ror.org/041kmwe10Glycosciences Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United KingdomeGlaxoSmithKline Vaccines Institute for Global Health, Siena 53100, Italyfhttps://ror.org/041kmwe10Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United KingdomgCTM Technologies and Materials Ltd., Ness-Ziona 7403626, Israel
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 28, July 2026. SignificanceStreptococcus pyogenesevades neutrophil-mediated immunity by secreting the protease SpyCEP, which inactivates chemokines such as CXCL8; however, the mechanism by which SpyCEP targets CXCL8 for cleavage has remained unclear. This work uncovers …
  • The combinatorial innexin code of heterochannel electrical synapses governs synaptic function and is maintained by distinct cellular mechanisms
    by Atal VatsMuraleedharan SudhanandAnanya BandyopadhyayMarlyn Xavier MascarenhasNayantara VarmaSandhya Padmanabhan KoushikaAbhishek Bhattacharyaahttps://ror.org/03ht1xw27National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, Indiabhttps://ror.org/03ht1xw27Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 28, July 2026. SignificanceThis study identifies previously uncharacterized organizational principles of electrical synapses, describes their functional significance, and elucidates mechanisms underlying their regulation and plasticity. Contrary to the prevailing …
  • A DNA break-5mC cycle activates transposable elements in Arabidopsis
    by Wenjie LiangHaokai CaoChen ZouXindong TongYongbo MaYitong ShenXue HanYilin ZhangBinglian ZhengJinchao Liahttps://ror.org/013q1eq08School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, Chinabhttps://ror.org/02v51f717Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong 261000, China
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 28, July 2026. SignificancePlant genomes incur frequent DNA lesions from environmental stress and endogenous metabolism, yet how these lesions influence the epigenome and transposable element (TE) activity remains unclear. We report that impairing the repair of single-…
  • Spontaneous phase separation and pattern formation in a lyotropic nematic mixture
    by Ana BensabatÓrlaith SkeltonJochen ArltMarko BjelogrlićDavide MarenduzzoGiuseppe NegroTyler N. ShendrukTiffany A. Woodahttps://ror.org/01nrxwf90School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 28, July 2026. SignificanceLiquid crystals are widely used in technology, yet their behavior in mixtures with simple liquids remains ill-understood, because molecular orientation, elasticity, and interfaces interact in complex ways. Chromonic materials such as Sunset …
  • Correction for Hong et al., Mechanistic links between coexistence, productivity, and stability in experimental grasslands
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 28, July 2026.
  • Topological expansion of Boehm’s brushes via structured light
    by Dmitry A. PushinIman SalehiAmy ChowAndrew E. SilvaPinki ChahalDavid G. CoryMukhit KulmaganbetovGary P. MissonNaume ShentevskiTaranjit SinghShelby E. TempleBenjamin ThompsonDusan Sarenacahttps://ror.org/01aff2v68Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canadabhttps://ror.org/01aff2v68Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canadachttps://ror.org/01aff2v68School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, CanadadIncoherent Vision Inc., Wellesley, ON N0B2T0, CanadaeCentre for Eye and Vision Research, Shatin, Hong Kongfhttps://ror.org/0162z8b04Department of Psychology, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209ghttps://ror.org/01y64my43Department of Physics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260hhttps://ror.org/01aff2v68Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canadaihttps://ror.org/05j0ve876School of Optometry, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdomjhttps://ror.org/0524sp257Division of Research and Innovation, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, United KingdomkAzul Optics Ltd., Henleaze, Bristol BS9 4QG, United Kingdom
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 28, July 2026. SignificanceThe human eye can perceive subtle polarization patterns in light, revealing structural features of the retina without invasive imaging. We identified a visual phenomenon in which structured light manifesting a spatially varying polarization …
  • Louis E. Brus (1943–2026): A consummate physical chemist and a pioneer in the exploration of spectroscopy of materials at the nanoscale
    by William L. WilsonA. L. HarrisT. D. HarrisM. L. SteigerwaldJ. C. TullyS. Wongahttps://ror.org/03vek6s52Center for Nanoscale Systems, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138bhttps://ror.org/02ex6cf31Energy Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratories, Upton, NY 11973chttps://ror.org/013sk6x84HHMI, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA 20147dhttps://ror.org/00hj8s172Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027ehttps://ror.org/03v76x132Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520fhttps://ror.org/05qghxh33Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 28, July 2026. Last year we lost a true pioneer in the field of nanoscience. Louis E. Brus didn’t chase fame, he chased“the problem.”His career is a monument to the power of curiosity driven science, the kind of impactful science nurtured by Bell Laboratories in the …
  • Chaos-generating periodic orbits of topological defects in confined active nematics
    by Brandon KleinAlejandro J. Soto FrancoMd Mainul Hasan SabbirMatthew J. DeutschRoss KliegmanRobin L. B. SelingerKevin A. MitchellDaniel A. Bellerahttps://ror.org/00za53h95Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218bhttps://ror.org/00za53h95Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218chttps://ror.org/00d9ah105Department of Physics, University of California, Merced, CA 95344dhttps://ror.org/049pfb863Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242ehttps://ror.org/049pfb863Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 28, July 2026. SignificanceCrowded collections of elongated objects often orient along a common direction in a phenomenon known as nematic ordering. In recent years, a variant of this phenomenon known as “active nematics” has been identified as important to the dynamics …
  • Circulating PEG-indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase ameliorates diverse inflammatory diseases without toxicity or compromising immunocompetence
    by Jennifer A. SimonovichRyan A. ClarkAlexander J. KwiatkowskiMadeline J. FuchsMariana E. VisoChen LuSabrina L. MaciasIsabella PintoAbhishek P. ShresthaTran B. NgoSergio DuarteYong HeQiongyao HuGuanyi LuJoseph B. HartmanGang SuSalvatore T. ScaliScott A. BerceliAshish K. SharmaGilbert R. UpchurchShamima IslamArun WanchooGregory A. HudallaScott T. RobinsonAli ZarrinparDorina AvramBenjamin G. Keselowskyahttps://ror.org/02y3ad647J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610bhttps://ror.org/02y3ad647Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610chttps://ror.org/02y3ad647Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610dDepartment of Surgery,Malcom Randall Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32608ehttps://ror.org/01xf75524Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612fhttps://ror.org/032db5x82Department of Oncological Sciences, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 28, July 2026. SignificanceTreating autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases faces many challenges, such as therapeutic delivery to the diseased area and wide-spread immunosuppression. This work demonstrates therapeutic efficacy of the immunomodulatory enzyme …
  • Mapping the dialogue: Decoding alveolar stem–niche interactions
    by Ahmad N. NabhanAnne BitonChristine EverettConrad FooDiana WuJoshua D. WebsterAlina A. AlamElisa PennaSandra RostNeha RohatgiRohit RejaRanel J. TulpanoShiqi XieCeline EidenschenkKim NewtonJoseph R. ArronVishva M. Dixitahttps://ror.org/01an7q238Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720bDepartment of Physiological Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080cComputational Sciences, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080dDepartment of Molecular Discovery and Cancer Cell Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080eDepartment of Pathology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080fRoche Informatics, Hoffman-La Roche Canada, Mississauga, ON, CanadagDepartment of Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 28, July 2026. SignificanceAlveolar Type 2 (AT2) epithelial cells and their surrounding fibroblast niche collaborate to preserve the lung’s gas-exchange surface. When this partnership breaks down, it contributes to lung adenocarcinoma and degenerative lung diseases. We …
  • Structural basis of complement anaphylatoxin receptor activation by an immunostimulant lead candidate
    by Annu DalalManish K. YadavManisankar GangulySudha MishraRavi YadavShachie SinhaNabarun RoyDivyanshu TiwariDebdatta MukherjeeAshna ReyazCalvin A. DsouzaAmeesha NigamNilanjana BanerjeeXaria X. LiRichard J. ClarkTrent M. WoodruffRamanuj BanerjeeCornelius GatiArun K. Shuklaahttps://ror.org/05pjsgx75Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, Indiabhttps://ror.org/03taz7m60Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089chttps://ror.org/03taz7m60The Bridge Institute, Michelson Center for Convergent Biosciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089dhttps://ror.org/00rqy9422School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 28, July 2026. SignificanceComplement anaphylatoxins such as C3a and C5a bind and activate prototypical G protein–coupled receptors such as C3aR and C5aR1. These receptors play a crucial role in combating pathogenic infections via eliciting innate immune responses and …
  • Opportunity and risk in achieving food production and conservation goals at high altitude: Evidence from the Tibetan Plateau
    by Lijing WangStephen PolaskyFei LuColleen R. MillerLingxiao YingYi XiaoZhiyun Ouyangahttps://ror.org/034t30j35State Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, Chinabhttps://ror.org/017zqws13Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108chttps://ror.org/017zqws13Institute on the Environment, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 28, July 2026. SignificanceThe conflict between food production and conservation is a key challenge for achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. As the highest and largest plateau, the Tibetan Plateau combines high conservation value with ecosystem …
  • Dopamine-driven mitochondrial reverse electron transport in immune cells mediates gut–brain ROS signaling during sleep deprivation
    by Yan ZhangJae-Hyuk LeeZiqi YuYinrui TaoSuman RimalYanzi HeLei LvBingwei LuYong Pingahttps://ror.org/0220qvk04Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, Chinabhttps://ror.org/00f54p054Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305chttps://ror.org/01an7q238Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720dMinistry of Education, Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 28, July 2026. SignificanceOxidative stress is a common feature of many central and peripheral diseases and contributes significantly to disease progression. Therefore, understanding the early upstream mechanisms of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation is …

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