- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 16, April 2026.
- by Mars Liyao GaoJan P. WilliamsJ. Nathan KutzaPaul G. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195cDepartment of Applied Mathematics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195dDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 16, April 2026. SignificanceWe present sparse identification of nonlinear dynamics with shallow recurrent decoders (SINDy-SHRED), which jointly solves the sensing, model reduction and model identification problem with simple implementation, efficient computation, and …
- by Ana FariasVictoria L. BridgemanFelipe S. RodriguesFranz PutturAmber OwenStefanie RuhlandRute M. M. FerreiraMatthias MackIlaria MalanchiCecilia JohanssonaRespiratory Infections Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United KingdombTumor-Host Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, United KingdomcInflammation Repair and Development, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United KingdomdDepartment of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, GermanyProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 16, April 2026. SignificanceThe lungs are a metastatic site for cancers such as breast cancer. In addition, the lungs are constantly exposed to viruses, such as coronavirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and influenza virus. Thus, breast cancer and respiratory virus …
- by Tara SowrirajanRyan WhalenBrian UzziaKellogg School of Management, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208bNorthwestern Institute on Complex Systems, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208cFaculty of Law, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative RegiondRyan Institute of Complexity, Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 16, April 2026. SignificanceThe gender innovation gap—where women’s inventions are less likely to be patented or pursued—raises concerns about its potential to slow scientific progress. Our analysis of millions of patent applications reveals that the gender gap in …
- by Jeffrey P. BoninJin Sub LeeZi Hao LiuPhilip M. KimLewis E. KayaDepartment of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, CanadabDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, CanadacDepartment of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, CanadadDonnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, CanadaeProgram in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, CanadafDepartment of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, CanadaProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 16, April 2026. SignificanceIn many cases accurate models of the low energy, most populated form of a protein’s three-dimensional structure can be rapidly determined using machine learning (ML) programs, such as AlphaFold. However, biomolecular function is often …
- by Eliza V. C. Alves-FerreiraMourad BarhoumiTiago R. FerreiraMatthew W. BrownPetr VolfYusr Saadi-BenAounImmen KhammariIhcen KherachiAkila Fathallah MiliZoubir HarratIkram GuizaniDavid L. SacksJulius LukešMichael E. GriggaMolecular Parasitology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892bLaboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Experimental Pathology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, and University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, TunisiacIntracellular Parasite Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892dDepartment of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762eDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Prague 12800, CzechiafDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse 4000, TunisiagInstitut Pasteur d’AlgĂ©rie, Algiers 16047, AlgeriahInstitute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, ÄŚeskĂ© BudÄ›jovice 37005, CzechiaiFaculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, ÄŚeskĂ© BudÄ›jovice 37005, CzechiaProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 16, April 2026. SignificanceHybridization is increasingly recognized as a powerful evolutionary force, yet the extent to which it impacts the population genetics ofLeishmaniaremains enigmatic. Previous work suggested thatLeishmaniapropagation is predominantly by …
- by Peiyu WangJinpiao ZhuXuteng LuChang ChenBomin GaoWanjiang TaoKeyu XiaYang SongQiong ShiHongcun GaiPanhao XiaoFeng LiuPeiyuan PangYang LiXiaoyi MoXiao-Dong WangChang XieDongdong LiZongze ZhangJing YaoaState Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Hubei Provincial Research Center for Basic Biological Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, ChinabDepartment of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, ChinacSchool of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, ChinadSorbonne UniversitĂ©, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Neuroscience at Sorbonne UniversitĂ©, Paris F-75005, FranceeSorbonne UniversitĂ©, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Paris F-75005, FranceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 16, April 2026. SignificanceThis study identifies transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 (TRPV3) in the nodose ganglion as an effective molecular target that regulates cardiopulmonary function and stress-related behaviors. We demonstrate that citronellal and …
- by Bo GanJun LiHeli MaLong HaoZhipeng GaoXiang WuQiang WuYoujun ZhangaInstitute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, ChinabNational Key Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics, Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, ChinacState Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, ChinadState Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, ChinaProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 16, April 2026. SignificanceEarth’s magnetic field is sustained by convection in the liquid iron outer core, yet the thermoelastic behavior of molten iron under core conditions remains poorly constrained. By extending high-precision temperature measurements of shock-…
- by Kuangyi XuMaria R. ServedioaDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, CanadabDepartment of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 16, April 2026. SignificanceThe “lek paradox”—the dissonance between a hypothesized loss of variation in sexual display traits due to mate choice, leading to the subsequent cessation of sexual selection, and evidence of high variation in such traits and the persistence …
- by Yue ChangJiao ZhouFangyuan YeHongxia ZhangJianghua SunLilin ZhaoaState Key Laboratory of Animal Biodiversity Conservation and Integrated Pest Management, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinabUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinacCollege of Life Sciences/Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interactions, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, ChinadShanxi Fen River Plain Farmland Shelterbelt Ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Jinzhong 030801, ChinaProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 16, April 2026. SignificancePathogen-driven manipulation of vector physiology represents a fundamental yet understudied survival strategy for optimizing transmission efficiency. This study reveals a sophisticated mechanism whereby the pinewood nematode utilizes exosome-…
- by Zaccaria El YousfiBaptiste RoussetMathilde RadiguetWilliam B. FrankaInstitut des Sciences de La Terre (ISTerre), Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Institut de recherche pour le dĂ©veloppement, Univ. Gustave Eiffel, Grenoble 38000, FrancebInstitut Terre & Environnement de Strasbourg, UniversitĂ© de Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67084, FrancecDepartment of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 16, April 2026. SignificanceEpisodic slow slip at the root of tectonic plate boundaries is a common mechanism by which plate motion is accommodated within the transition between shallow frictional earthquake slip and deep viscous creep. We use swarms of low-frequency …
- by Luiz Marcelo OliveiraMaryam Saeed AslamJan-Marino RamirezAlyssa D. HuffaNorcliffe Foundation Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101bDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98108cDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 16, April 2026. SignificanceDifficulty swallowing (dysphagia) arises from dysfunction of swallow muscles and/or impaired coordination with breathing, increasing the risk of aspiration pneumonia, one of the top three causes of mortality among individuals with Rett …
- by Chaoyi DengYu DengXudong LuoJunyu LuChenyang LiPeiwen GaoXiaoyu XieBingbing XiangSicheng LiuXingxing LiuXiaoxiao LiPan ChangXia WuGuoyan ZhaoDeying GongJing WangCheng ZhouJin LiuTao ZhuFengming LuoWensheng ZhangaDepartment of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, ChinabLaboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, ChinacDepartment of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, ChinadDepartment of Pharmacy, West China Tianfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610213, ChinaeDepartment of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, ChinafDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 16, April 2026. SignificanceSodium channel has been considered as one of the most promising nonopioid analgesic targets in both academic and industrial worlds to address the opioid-related crisis. The prevailing strategy is to develop subtype-specific sodium channel …
- by Silvana LozitoValentina PigaSara Lo PrestiAngelica ScuderiFabrizio DoricchiMassimo SilvettiStefano LasaponaraaDepartment of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome 00185, ItalybPhD Programme in Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome 00185, ItalycIRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome 00179, ItalydComputational and Translational Neuroscience Lab, Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council, Rome 00196, ItalyProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 16, April 2026. SignificanceIn an age where misinformation spreads rapidly and online environments favor belief-consistent information, understanding how people learn from and act upon misleading content is a scientific and societal priority. This study integrates fake …
- by Carlos Gomez RodellarJody DruceJosĂ© Maria Gisbert-GonzálezFrancisco SarabiaBeatriz Roldan CuenyaSebastian Z. OeneraDepartment of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin 14195, GermanyProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 16, April 2026. SignificanceThe desolvation and recombination of protons and hydroxides in bulk water is one of the fastest reactions known to mankind. The very existence of an increased activation barrier at heterogenous interfaces reflects a key component of …
- by Amy McDermottProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 16, April 2026.
- by Yuanhao WangXu ZhangRu BaYimin ZhuHanwen YuDa WangChu ChuXinyue ZhangYuan HongShanshan WuWanying ZhuMin XuQing ChengChunjie ZhaoXiao HanYan LiuaInstitute of Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, ChinabInterdisciplinary InnoCenter for Organoids, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, ChinacDepartment of histology and embryology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, ChinadState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine (Suzhou Centre), The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Innovation Center of Suzhou, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, China;eDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Women and Children’s Healthcare Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, ChinafDepartment of Anesthesiology, Surgery and Pain Management and Key Laboratory of Clinical Science and Research, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, ChinaProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 16, April 2026. SignificanceRadial glial (RG) cells are the principal neural progenitors of the developing cortex and form the structural scaffold that guides neuronal migration and cortical lamination. Here, we reveal that FABP7 is a functional regulator of RG scaffold …
- by Bryce AskeyMaddie CeminskyElena ScottYongsheng WangZhen Guo OhStavros AzinasArthur LaganowskyLaura Helen GunnaPlant Biology Section, School of Integrated Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853bDepartment of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843cDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853dDepartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Solna 171 65, SwedenProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 16, April 2026. SignificanceKinetic acclimation enables proteins to adjust their activity in response to environmental perturbations. For the CO2-fixing enzyme Rubisco, kinetic acclimation may be conferred by its small subunits. Plants express multiple small subunits and …
- by Simona BrillanteMariagrazia VolpeAnna DianaSantiago NegueruelaMarta MolinariRosa SaurinoEva CipollaroElena PolishchukErika TenderiniCarla DamianoPatrizia TornabeneRoman PolishchukGiancarlo ParentiAntonietta TaralloSandro BanfiIvana TrapaniSabrina CarrellaAlessia IndrieriaTelethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli 80078, ItalybInstitute for Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Milan 20090, ItalycEuropean School of Molecular Medicine, Milan 20122, ItalydDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, ItalyeSantobono-Pausilipon, Laboratori di Ricerca e Biobanca, Naples 80122, ItalyfMedical Genetics, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, ItalygDepartment of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, ItalyhBiology and Evolution of Marine Organisms Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples 80121, ItalyProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 16, April 2026. SignificanceStargardt disease type 1 (STGD1) is a progressive retinal disorder with no effective treatments. Our research reveals that mitochondrial defects in photoreceptors, driven by OPA1, a crucial regulator of mitochondria, significantly contribute …
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 123, Issue 16, April 2026.
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