- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 21, May 2025.
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 21, May 2025.
- by Eswar Kumar NadendlaPriyanshu AlluriBalamurugan SundaramSivakumar Prasanth KumarSangappa B. ChadchanRoman SarkarThirumala-Devi KannegantiaDepartment of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 21, May 2025. SignificanceThe cytosolic innate immune sensor NLRP12 induces inflammatory cell death, PANoptosis, in response to homeostatic disruptions and infection. NLRP12-mediated PANoptosis has been implicated in hemolytic and inflammatory diseases, but the …
- by Anastasia StolyarovaGraham CoopMolly PrzeworskiaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027bDepartment of Evolution and Ecology and Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616cDepartment of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 21, May 2025. SignificanceA major focus of human genetics is to identify severely pathogenic variants, both to help diagnose patients and as an entry point into understanding disease mechanisms. To that end, it is often argued that we should sequence large samples from …
- by Caleb N. EllingtonBenjamin J. LengerichThomas B. K. WatkinsJiekun YangAbhinav K AdduriSazan MahbubHanxi XiaoManolis KellisEric P. XingaComputational Biology Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213bDepartment of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139cBroad Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142dCancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, United KingdomeDepartment of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260fMachine Learning Department, Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence, Masdar City SE45 05, Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesgGenBio AI Inc., Palo Alto, CA 94301Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 21, May 2025. SignificanceNetwork estimation is essential for understanding the structure and function of biological systems, but current statistical approaches fail to capture intersubject heterogeneity or cross-modality information flow, both of which are needed for …
- by Tsuyoshi TatsukawaJun-nosuke TeramaeaDepartment of Advanced Mathematical Sciences, Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, JapanProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 21, May 2025. SignificanceHow neural populations in the brain represent sensory information is one of the central questions in neuroscience. To ensure robustness against noise, it is widely believed that the neural representation must avoid the so-called fractal state, …
- by Leo KozachkovJean-Jacques SlotineDmitry KrotovaDepartment of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139bThomas J. Watson Research Center, International Business Machines Research, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598cDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139dMassachusetts Institute of Technology-International Business Machines, Watson Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, International Business Machines Research, Cambridge, MA 02142Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 21, May 2025. SignificanceRecent experiments have challenged the belief that glial cells, which compose at least half of brain cells, are just passive support structures. Despite this, a clear understanding of how neurons and glia work together for brain function is …
- by Jingyou YuYi-Min ZhengMegan A. SheridanPei LiToshihiko EzashiR. Michael RobertsShan-Lu LiuaCenter for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210bDepartment of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210cState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, ChinadGuangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510005, ChinaeDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211fBond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211gDivision of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211hDepartment of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210iViruses and Emerging Pathogens Program, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 21, May 2025. SignificanceZika virus (ZIKV) infection has been associated with severe birth defects, yet the mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated phosphatidylserine (PS) receptors AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (…
- by Mattias SjöbergErik OlsĂ©nMokhtar MaparPetteri ParkkilaSimon NiederkoflerSara MohammadiYujia JingGustav EmilssonLennart LindforsBjörn AgnarssonFredrik HöökaDivision of Nano and Biophysics, Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg 412 96, SwedenbNanolyze, Gothenburg 431 83, SwedencAdvanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg 431 83, SwedenProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 21, May 2025. SignificanceBy integrating surface-sensitive fluorescence and label-free scattering microscopy with microfluidics, we present an approach to lipid nanoparticle (LNP) characterization that links physicochemical properties such as size, refractive index, …
- by Haruka YamashitaTomotaka MatsumotoKent KawashimaHassan Sibroe Abdulla DaanaaZiheng YangHiroshi AkashiaLaboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, Department of Genomics and Evolutionary Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, JapanbDepartment of Genetics, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, JapancDepartment of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United KingdomProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 21, May 2025. SignificancePatterns in DNA sequence variation can reveal functional adaptation. Synonymous codon usage is a model system for studying nearly neutral evolution, and we combine genome-scale polymorphism data from natural populations ofDrosophilaspecies …
- by Yuyuan ZhangAnning ZuoYuhao BaShutong LiuJingqi ChenShuaixi YangSiyuan WengYukang ChenHui XuPeng LuoQuan ChengBufu TangBenyu LiuChuhan ZhangJingkuan YangXinwei HanZaoqu LiuaDepartment of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, ChinabInterventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, ChinacInterventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, ChinadDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, ChinaeDepartment of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, ChinafDepartment of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinagDepartment of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, ChinahDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, ChinaiTianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, ChinajDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, ChinakInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, ChinaProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 21, May 2025. SignificanceLiver metastasis remains the predominant cause of mortality in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying the initiation of colorectal cancer liver metastasis remain poorly elucidated. The cellular origin of …
- by Laurence MarquèsFanchon DivolAlexandra BoultifFanny GarciaAlexandre SorianoClĂ©a Maurines-CarboneillVirginia FernandezInge VerstraetenHĂ©lène PidonEsther IzquierdoBárbara HufnagelBenjamin PĂ©retaInstitute for Plant Sciences of Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Institut Agro, Montpellier 34060, FranceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 21, May 2025. SignificancePlants adapt root and shoot development to environmental cues through systemic signaling pathways. In white lupin (Lupinus albus), we identified mutants with excessive cluster roots that also exhibited hypernodulation. The responsible gene,…
- by Piotr Z. StasiakYiming XingYousef AlihosseiniCarlo F. BarenghiAndrew BaggaleyWei GuoLuca GalantucciGiorgio KrstulovicaSchool of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United KingdombNational High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL 32310cMechanical Engineering Department, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University – Florida State University College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310dDepartment of Mathematics and Statistics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YF, United KingdomeIstituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo “Mauro Picone” – Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Roma 00185, ItalyfUniversitĂ© CĂ´te d’Azur, Observatoire de la CĂ´te d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrangre, NICE Cedex 4 F-06304, FranceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 21, May 2025. SignificanceVortex reconnections are fundamental events that create and sustain turbulence in ordinary fluids (water, air) and in quantum fluids (superfluid helium, Bose–Einstein condensates). In this first joint experimental/theoretical study of …
- by Landen GozashtiAnne NakamotoShelbi RussellRussell Corbett-DetigaDepartment of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138bMuseum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138cHHMI, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138dDepartment of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064eGenomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 21, May 2025. SignificanceIntrons are major components of eukaryotic genomes with poorly understood origins. Introners, transposable elements (TEs) which can generate introns upon insertion, are thought to be major drivers of intron gain in diverse lineages. However, …
- by Chengcheng FanJennifer R. KeeffeKathryn E. MalecekAlexander A. CohenAnthony P. WestViren A. BaharaniAnnie V. RorickHan GaoPriyanthi N. P. GnanapragasamSemi RhoJaasiel AlvarezLuisa N. SegoviaTheodora HatziioannouPaul D. BieniaszPamela J. BjorkmanaDivision of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125bLaboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065cLaboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065dHHMI, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 21, May 2025. SignificanceSARS-CoV-2 variants and potential zoonotic sarbecovirus infections continue to threaten human health. We present approaches to elicit and identify cross-reactive mAbs that recognize conserved receptor-binding domain (RBD) epitopes using mosaic …
- by Tsz-Yat LukLok-Yan YimRunhong ZhouYufei MoHuarong HuangMeiqing ZhaoJie DaiThomas Tsz-Kan LauXiner HuangGrace Chung-Yan LuiKwok-Yung YuenJasper Fuk-Woo ChanAlfred Sze-Lok ChengZhiwei ChenHin ChuaAIDS Institute, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of ChinabDepartment of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of ChinacInstitute for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Yunnan Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, ChinadCenter for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of ChinaeDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of ChinafState Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of ChinagDepartment of Clinical Microbiology and Infection Control, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518053, People’s Republic of ChinahSchool of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of ChinaiMaterials Innovation Institute for Life Sciences and Energy, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen 518048, People’s Republic of ChinaProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 21, May 2025. SignificanceHIV-1 infection remains incurable because of the long-lasting HIV-1-infected latency cells residing in the host. Current treatment strategies are unable to completely eliminate the virus latent reservoirs. Here, we identified bromodomain-…
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 21, May 2025.
- by Amy McDermottProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 21, May 2025.
- by Gabrielle J. VallesEmilie J. KorchakDane H. Geddes-BuehreNancy JaiswalDmitry M. KorzhnevIrina BezsonovaaDepartment of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06032Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 21, May 2025. SignificanceUbiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7), a deubiquitinating enzyme linked to cancers and neurodevelopmental disorders, adopts an inactive ground conformation and requires substrate binding for activation. Using NMR and enzyme kinetic analyses, we …
- by Uri ZviDenis R. CandidoAdam M. WeissAidan R. JonesLingjie ChenIryna GolovinaXiaofei YuStella WangDmitri V. TalapinMichael E. FlattĂ©Aaron P. Esser-KahnPeter C. MaureraPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637bDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242cThe Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637dThe Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637eThe Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104fCenter for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439gDepartment of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The NetherlandsProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 21, May 2025. SignificanceNitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond nanocrystals serve as powerful nanoscale quantum sensors, yet they suffer from surface-induced spin decoherence and charge instability that limit their sensitivity. This study demonstrates that an …
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