Journal Home

RSS

  • In This Issue
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 47, November 2025.
  • Deep learning reveals how cells pull, buckle, and navigate fibrous environments
    by Abinash PadhiArka DawAtharva AgasheMedha SawhneyMaahi M. TalukderMehran M. H. PourMohammad JafariGuy M. GeninFarid AlisafaeiSohan KaleAnuj KarpatneAmrinder S. NainaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061bDepartment of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061cDepartment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102dNational Science Foundation Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130eDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130fCenter of Soft Matter and Biological Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 47, November 2025. SignificanceThe mechanical forces cells generate govern behaviors from embryonic development to cancer metastasis. Nearly all knowledge of these forces comes from cells on flat surfaces, environments that poorly represent the fibrous architecture of real …
  • Cloud fraction response to aerosol driven by nighttime processes
    by Geoffrey PugsleyEdward GryspeerdtVishnu NairaDepartment of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2BX, United Kingdom
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 47, November 2025. SignificanceThe effect of airborne particulates-called aerosols-on climate is highly uncertain due to their complex interactions with clouds. A significant source of this uncertainty comes from the aerosol influence on large, low-lying clouds over the …
  • Longitudinal transformation of mitochondrial metabolism during neurogenesis
    by Donghoon LimSewon ParkJong Seung LeeHyo Jin GwonYunwoo NamSuhyuk ChoiJongwon KimYeonsu KimGeonwoo ParkWoo Yang PyunHyun Woo ParkSeung-Woo ChoHyun S. AhnaDepartment of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of KoreabDepartment of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of KoreacDepartment of Biochemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of KoreadCenter for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 03722, Republic of KoreaeGraduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering, Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 47, November 2025. SignificanceUnderstanding the mechanisms that govern neural stem cell (NSC) differentiation is crucial for advancing regenerative therapies for neurodegenerative diseases. This study introduces a nondestructive, label-free electrochemical approach to …
  • Artificial cells with liquid–liquid phase separation–regulated cell-free protein synthesis
    by Dongdong FanKaini LiangBingjie WuMichael W. ChenChengyu SunLei SunYan ZhangYanan DuaSchool of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 47, November 2025. SignificanceWhile artificial cells offer exciting prospects in synthetic biology for mimicking life and enabling sophisticated functions, achieving dynamic control over their internal processes remains challenging. Here, we engineer artificial cells with …
  • Breast cancer cell coculture induces normal lung fibroblast transition to CAFs, promoting tumor cell dormancy and therapy resistance
    by Marika L. KlosowskiKathryn E. CroniseEric P. PalmerKelly McAuliffeClaire StrattonKelsie SparksKendall T. MalmstromGwyneth Knott-ByarsQiong ZhouHector EsquerDaniel V. LaBarberaDaniel P. ReganaDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521bFlint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80525cDepartment of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521dSkaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 47, November 2025. SignificanceThe tumor microenvironment can regulate breast cancer cell (BCC) behavior and therapeutic response in primary breast tumors, but contributions of the metastatic microenvironment to therapy resistance are less studied, especially in lung-…
  • The telomeric valine–arginine dipeptide repeat protein changes state to diffuse staining in mitosis and represses in vitro translation
    by Taghreed Al-TurkiVenkata MantriSmaranda WillcoxC. Allie MillsLaura E. HerringSu-Ji ChoHannah LeeCaliyn MeyerE. S. AntonJack D. GriffithaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599bDepartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599cDepartment of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599dUniversity of North Carolina Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599eDepartment of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 47, November 2025. SignificanceThe mammalian G-rich telomeric RNA can generate two proteins consisting of repeating valine–arginine (VR) and glycine–leucine (GL) dipeptides. This is believed to occur via a mechanism employing RNA secondary structures to bypass the …
  • Emergence of bulk-like structural features and 2D-to-3D transition in boron nanoclusters
    by Qiang ChenHyun Wook ChoiGuang-Feng WeiDeniz KahramanRui-Nan YuanQin-Wei ZhangQiao-Qiao YanXiao-Ni ZhaoCai-Yue GaoYuan-Yuan MaRui WeiYilin GuiZhi-Pan LiuSi-Dian LiLai-Sheng WangaInstitute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, ChinabDepartment of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912cShanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, ChinadDepartment of Energy Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Shanxi Institute of Energy, Jinzhong 030600, ChinaeDepartment of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 47, November 2025. SignificanceInvestigation of the size-dependent properties in nanoclusters laid the foundation for nanoscience. Boron clusters are found to be planar, leading to the discovery of borophenes—a new class of synthetic 2D materials. A long-sought question in …
  • Interactions between long- and short-term synaptic plasticity transform temporal neural representations into spatial
    by Qiang YuMisha TsodyksHaim SompolinskyDietmar SchmitzRobert GĂŒtigaSchool of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cognitive Computing and Application, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, ChinabDepartment of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, IsraelcSchool of Natural Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ 08540dCenter for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138eEdmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, IsraelfNeuroscience Research Center, CharitĂ©-UniversitĂ€tsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, GermanygMedical and Health Data Sciences, Berlin Institute of Health, CharitĂ©, Berlin, Germany
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 47, November 2025. SignificanceNeurons in the brain communicate through spikes that are transmitted via chemical synapses that express both long-term and short-term plasticity. While long-term plasticity is thought to be the central site of learning and memory and has …
  • Perception of own centrality in social networks
    by JaromĂ­r KováƙíkJuan OzaitaAngel SĂĄnchezPablo Brañas-GarzaaDepartamento de AnĂĄlisis EconĂłmico, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao 48015, SpainbFaculty of Economics, University of West Bohemia, Plzeƈ 301 00, Czech RepubliccDepartamento de IngenierĂ­a TelemĂĄtica, Grupo de Redes y Servicios de ComunicaciĂłn, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, LeganĂ©s 28911, SpaindGrupo Interdisciplinar de Sistemas Complejos (GISC), Departamento de MatemĂĄticas, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, LeganĂ©s 28911, SpaineInstituto de BiocomputaciĂłn y FĂ­sica de Sistemas Complejos, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018 SpainfDepartment of Finance, Loyola Behavioral Lab, Universidad Loyola AndalucĂ­a, CĂłrdoba 14004, Spain
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 47, November 2025. SignificancePeople’s success in social and professional settings depends on understanding their own and others’ roles in social networks, while accurate network perception helps target key individuals more effectively in public health, education, and …
  • Correction for Robinson et al., Dried fish provide widespread access to critical nutrients across Africa
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 47, November 2025.
  • Targeting orthotopic and metastatic pancreatic cancer with allogeneic stem cell–engineered mesothelin-redirected CAR-NKT cells
    by Yan-Ruide LiXinyuan ShenEnbo ZhuZhe LiJie HuangThuc LeCatrina TranCaius G. RaduLili YangaDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095bDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095cDepartment of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095dAhmanson Translational Imaging Division, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095eJonsson Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095fEli and Edythe Broad Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095gMolecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095hParker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095iGoodman-Luskin Microbiome Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 47, November 2025. SignificancePancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the deadliest cancers, often diagnosed at advanced, hard-to-treat stages. Current cell-based therapies like CAR-T cells face major hurdles, including tumor variability, immune escape, and limited scalability. …
  • Turbulence in the terrestrial magnetosheath: Space–time correlation using the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission
    by Francesco PecoraWilliam H. MatthaeusAntonella GrecoPablo DmitrukYan YangVincenzo CarboneSergio ServidioaDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716bDipartimento di Fisica, UniversitĂ  della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende 87036, ItalycDepartamento de FĂ­sica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1428, ArgentinadConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂ­ficas y TĂ©cnicas –Instituto de FĂ­sica Interdisciplinaria y Aplicada, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 47, November 2025. SignificanceThis research examines chaotic behavior of magnetic field fluctuations within turbulent collisionless plasma, as observed by spacecraft in the geospace environment. A key challenge lies in disentangling spatial and temporal variations; …
  • High-throughput screening for class I peptide MHC binding via yeast surface display
    by Patrick V. HolecKathryn C. BreuckmanOwen LeddyForest M. WhiteBryan D. BrysonMichael E. BirnbaumaDepartment of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139bKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139cRagon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 47, November 2025. SignificanceT cells patrol short peptides displayed by MHC molecules to protect the body from infection and cancer. While there are currently computational approaches to predict which peptides will bind to major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs), they …
  • Genome integrity relies on rapid recycling of DNA Pol III in bacteria
    by JosĂ© Pablo RascĂłn PĂ©rezOphĂ©lie d’Udekem d’AcozNicolas SoubryWencheng XuBaljyot Singh ParmarStephanie C. WeberRodrigo Reyes-LamotheaBiology Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 0B1, CanadabPhysics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, CanadacCentre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, McGill University, Montreal H3G 0B1, Canada
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 47, November 2025. SignificanceDNA replication increases the probability of DNA damage in the genome. This is because the separation of the double-stranded DNA into single strands, required for DNA synthesis, prevents template-mediated DNA repair and increases the …
  • Static morphogen scaling enables proportional growth in a tissue growth model inspired by axolotl limb regeneration
    by Natalia LyubaykinaDunja KnappPietro TardivoMaximilian KotzTatiana Sandoval-GuzmánBenjamin M. FriedrichaCluster of Excellence ‘Physics of Life’, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden 01307, GermanybDepartment of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden 01307, GermanycPaul Langerhans Institute Dresden, Helmholtz Centre Munich at Dresden University of Technology, Dresden 01307, GermanydInstitute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna 1030 AustriaeVienna BioCenter PhD Program, Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1030, AustriafCenter for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden 01307, Germany
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 47, November 2025. SignificanceRegeneration of lost body parts must not just recapitulate developmental programs, but also adjust to the size of the adult organism. The control mechanisms enabling such size-adaptive morphogenesis are not well understood. Here, we propose a …
  • A chromatin-linked CPL2–PHD2/3 module sustains multiple DNA methylation pathways and Polycomb silencing
    by Lingrui ZhangKai TangTiandan LongLi-Li ZhangPeipei ZhuFuhua FanJianxin FuChao ZhangJian-Kang ZhuaDepartment of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907bState Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 625014, ChinacDepartment of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907dInstitute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaeCollege of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, ChinafInstitute of Advanced Biotechnology, Institute of Homeostatic Medicine, and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 47, November 2025. SignificanceEpigenetic silencing in plants involves diverse pathways, but how they are integrated into a coherent repression system remains obscure. We reveal the CPL2–PHD2/3 module as a chromatin‐responsive hub that preserves CHH methylation through both …
  • Students’ motives for restricting academic freedom: Viewpoint discrimination and prosocial concerns
    by Claudia DiehlMatthias ReversRichard TraunmĂŒllerNils B. WeidmannAlexander WuttkeaDepartment of History, Sociology, Educational Science and Sports, University of Konstanz, Konstanz 78457, GermanybInstitute of Journalism and Communication Studies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg 20146, GermanycSchool of Media and Communication, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United KingdomdSchool of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim 68159, GermanyeDepartment of Politics and Public Administration, University of Konstanz, Konstanz 78457, GermanyfGeschwister-Scholl-Institute of Political Science, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich 80539, Germany
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 47, November 2025. SignificanceAcademic freedom is under threat across the globe and is of vital concern to both researchers and society. We show that while limits on academic freedom are partly motivated by prosocial concerns, political viewpoint discrimination is another …
  • The immunoproteasome regulates ILC2 responses by modulating mitochondrial capacity
    by PaĂŽline LaurentVidyanath ChaudharyDaqiang LiMarie Dominique Ah KioonChen ZhangWilliam H. MillerHua LiaoGang LinCarl F. NathanFranck J. BarrataInflammation and Autoimmunity Program, Hospital for Special Surgery Research Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York 10021, NYbDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NYcDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NYdIpiNovyx Bio, Inc., Cincinnati, OHeSandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NYfImmunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NYgDavid Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 47, November 2025. SignificanceProteasomes degrade poly-ubiquitinylated proteins. Inhibition of the constitutively expressed proteasome is toxic to cells. Immune cells express an immunoproteasome whose expression relative to the constitutive proteasome increases with their …
  • Capped high-force integrin bond lifetimes and spacing-tuned binding frequency drive rapid fibroblast migration
    by Jingjing FengKeshu FengZhaohui XiongMiao YuYuru HuWenxu WangRuihao XueZe GongZheng LiuWei ChenaThe Institute for Advanced Studies, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation in Complex Organisms, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, ChinabChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, ChinacWeifang Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Chronic Diseases and Stem Cell Therapy, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shangdong, ChinadState Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 47, November 2025. SignificanceThe turnover and strength of integrin-mediated adhesions are central to regulate the cell–microenvironment interaction, especially during cell migration. However, the mechanism of how integrin binding dynamics modulate the migratory behavior …

Related Journals