- by Antoine Remy, Juliette Zveny, Teo Serra, Amélie Bourgeois, Orianne Bastin, Dalila Lakhloufi, Arnaud Lemmers, Anne Botteaux, Alain Delchambre, Francois Reniers and Antoine NonclercqEndoscope working channels are particularly vulnerable to bacterial contamination and biofilm formation due to repeated exposure to biological fluids and limited sterilization options. Inadequate reprocessing can lead to the formation of persistent biofilms and the transmission of healthcare-associated infections. To address this, we investigate the use of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) generated directly inside endoscope-like Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tubing to improve decontamination and biofilm removal. This study compares two dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) configurations: a one discharge tube (ODT), in which […]
- by Wenshuai Zhang, Yongsheng Wang, Pai Peng, Qiujiao Du and Fengming LiuWith the widespread use of chiral molecules in biology and medicine, the need for detecting opposite chirality has become increasingly strong. Although enantiomers generally show similar physical properties, different chirality of the same molecule can lead to very different final results, which has a critical impact on the medical field. Here, we propose a scheme for precise and real-time chirality detection of enantiomers. With the operation of all-optical differentiation in frequency domain, optical rotations caused by chiral molecules of different […]
- by Xucheng Zhou, Jianmei Zhu, Zhentao Ding, Haitao Li, Yuchen He, Gino D’Ovidio, Weihua Zhang and Zigang DengFor high-speed operation of the high-temperature superconducting pinning (HTSP) maglev, adopting a coreless permanent magnet linear synchronous motor as the propulsion system ensures sufficient thrust while maintaining low normal force, thereby reducing the additional load imposed on the levitation system. In this study, based on the linear motor adopted in the HTSP maglev high-speed engineering prototype vehicle and test line, a three-dimensional finite element (FE) model is established to analyze the characteristics of the air-gap magnetic field distribution. The electromagnetic […]
- by Zhefeng Zhang, Jialin Yang, Lin Yang, Xiang Wan and Yuanjie ShiMulti-element vacuum arc plasma sources have found extensive applications in numerous fields due to their ability to simultaneously generate multiple elemental ions. This paper carried out experimental research on the discharge characteristics in a vacuum arc plasma source based on cathode–anode cooperative discharge, which can produce multiple elemental ions. In the experiment, tungsten was used as the cathode and aluminum as the anode. Both electrodes were rod-shaped with a diameter of 1 mm, and the interelectrode spacing is set to […]
- by M Georgieva, D Tzankov, D Kovacheva, V Tumbalev, T Karadimov, A Setzer, P Esquinazi and P A GeorgievWe have studied the microstructure and magnetic properties of three series of nanocrystalline mixed Ni1−xZnxFe2O4 ferrites, x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, prepared by a glycine fueled auto combustion process and consequently annealed at 400, 600, and 800 °C. For any composition and annealing temperature, it was found that zinc consistently occupies only tetrahedral sites, causing a linear increase in the unit cell parameter. Thermal treatments only lead to nanocrystalline particles growth, as proven by high quality Raman spectroscopy, […]
- by M Cierpiał, K Grochot, J Mojsiejuk, J Pawlak, J Kanak, J Wrona, T Nan and W SkowrońskiSpin-orbit torque (SOT) provides an efficient and scalable way to induce magnetization dynamics and switch of nanomagnets using electrical currents. Many different material systems, such as heavy metals, topological insulators, and coupled multilayers, have been proposed and verified for efficient magnetization switching, with the main focus on a large spin Hall angle, which is typically accompanied by an increased resistivity of the spin-current source material. In this study, we present the spin Hall angle in α-W, characterized by low resistance […]
- by Xiaolei Liu, Qing Wu, Siqian Lv, Kun Sun, Qinghao Song and Liyi LiLithium niobate (LN) has emerged as a highly promising platform for integrated photonic devices due to its exceptional electro-optic, nonlinear optical, and piezoelectric properties, which have garnered significant attention in the fields of optical communication and quantum photonics. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental characteristics of LN, analyzes the performance parameters of photonic devices fabricated through various preparation techniques, and summarizes the essential photonic unit structures and high-quality integrated photonic devices developed on this platform. Furthermore, the […]
- by Louis Saugé, Benjamin Labérie, Alexis M Gautreau and Antoine RousseauCold atmospheric plasma jets show promising results in chronic wound healing. In this study, three AC kHz helium plasma jet configurations are characterized: two standard linear plasma jets and an innovative large area diffusive jet. The latter consists of a linear tube with an expansion bell closed at its end by sintered glass material generating a 50 mm2 uniform plasma. First, three configurations are compared with respect to their physicochemical aspects: the ionization front propagation and interaction with dielectric and […]
- by Shuo Huang, Ziang Luo, Liye Ding, Ningyuan Mao, Chunhui Xu, Shijia Li, Haoliang Yuan, Kaiyun Li and Hongyun JinThis work reports a single-phase high-entropy zirconate (Sc0.25Ce0.25Gd0.25Er0.25)2Zr2O7, and reveals the atomic-scale mechanisms governing its superior mechanical and thermal properties via a combined first-principles and experimental approach. The material adopts a stable defect-fluorite structure with uniform elemental distribution and pronounced local lattice distortion. Atomic displacement is especially notable around smaller cations such as Zr4+ and Sc3+. Bond length distributions and charge density analysis reveal a heterogeneous bonding environment, where strong directional Sc–O bonds enhance elastic modulus and Debye temperature, while […]
- by Fanny Skirbekk, Hans Kristian Hygen Meyer, Robert Marskar, Hanut Vemulapalli, Christian M Franck and Frank MausethThis paper investigates the influence of gas pressure on the polarity dependence of statistical time lags in air for a needle-plane gap. The needle-plane gap was stressed by a DC step voltage that lasted 10 s. The positive streamers were observed to have shorter time lags than negative at 1 bar absolute pressure. This polarity dependence was reversed at 3 bar and negligible at 5 bar. Simulations were performed to study this pressure dependence. These simulations support that detachment from […]
- by Jingyi Xia, Zengxuan Jiang, Jietao Liu, Hui Ren, Lingyun Zhuang, Bo Cheng, Botao Jiang, Xin Wei and Guofeng SongRecently, the development of beam-focusing lenses based on metasurfaces has advanced rapidly towards higher levels of versatility and integration. By utilizing the phase transition of VO2, we demonstrate a multi-functional Janus metasurface that is switchable between transmissive and reflective modes. This metasurface is composed of a designed bilayer hybrid structure integrating VO2 and silicon dielectric. The two dielectric layers modulate the incident beam four times via their geometric and propagation phases, enabling flexible control of both its direction and polarization. […]
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