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==Slashes or hyphens for combined methods== | ==Slashes or hyphens for combined methods== | ||
There is a great deal of confusion on the use of slashes, hyphens, spaces, or no spaces to indicate the combination of techniques, particularly when acronyms and abbreviations are used. | |||
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Other recommendations are given below. | |||
==Chicago Manual of Style== | |||
See http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/ | |||
The 16th edition of the Chicago Manual of Style indicates that slashes are most commonly used to indicate alternatives in the "and/or" formulation, for example "Hercules/Heracles."(CMOS 6.104) The CMOS also indicates that the slash is occasionally use to indicate "and" as in "Jekyll/Hyde." The "per" and "divided" by meanings are also noted. | |||
The CMOS big table of hyphenation rules states that two nouns indicating two functions (the first noun doesn't modify the second) are hyphenated in both the noun and adjective forms.(CMOS 7.85) | |||
==American Chemical Society Style Guide== | |||
Chapter 10 of the ACS Style Guide[http://pubs.acs.org/isbn/9780841239999] discusses editorial style including the use of hyphens and abbreviations. | |||
Specific rules for combined methods are not given, but there are several examples in a list of abbreviations use space, no space, hyphen, en-dash, or slash. Surprisingly, neither GC-MS nor LC-MS are given in the list. Hyphen proponents will point to CE–MS, but slash advocates will point to CP/MAS. | |||
Specific examples are: capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry is abbreviated CE–MS, but cross-polarization/magic-angle spinning is abbreviated CP/MAS, but also CP-MAS, CP–MAS, CPMAS, and CP MAS are also indicated. Other examples are fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FABMS), Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR, FT/IR, FT-IR, and FT IR), glow discharge mass spectrometry (GDMS), high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS), isotopic ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS), laser desorption mass spectrometry (LDMS), matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass | |||
spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS and MALDI-TOF MS), plasma desorption mass spectrometry (PDMS), pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (Py–GC–MS), time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS TOF MS), triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry (TQMS). | |||
==American Institute of Physics Style Manual== | |||
The AIP style manual uses the hyphen exclusively for combined terms.[http://www.aip.org/pubservs/style/4thed/toc.html] | |||
==Mass Spectrometry Desk Reference== | |||
David Sparkman in his [[Mass Spectrometry Desk Reference]] recommends the use of the slash to indicate the combination of techniques and the hyphen to indicate the combination of instruments. Thus | |||
:Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) | |||
:Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) | |||
similarly | |||
:time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) | |||
:time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF-MS) | |||
Ionization methods are set apart by a space, cor example | |||
:electron ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (EI TOFMS) | |||
==Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry== | |||
The journal Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry has in the past given instructions to authors on combined techniques. For example, from the ''July 12, 2009'' RCM: | |||
The Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry author guidelines state | |||
:"A single analytical technique, or a type of instrument, is abbreviated without hyphens. Thus, TOFMS, FTICRMS." | |||
:"A hyphen is used when highlighting a particular component or feature of an instrument or technique. Thus, MALDI-TOFMS, ESI-MS/MS. When 2 or more different analytical techniques are coupled in tandem, this is represented by a solidus placed between the abbreviations for the techniques. Thus we write Py/GC/EI-MS, CZE/TOFMS." | |||
Thus a hyphen is used to highlight an instrument component and a slash (also called a solidus, virgule, diagonal, stroke, or separatrix) is used to denote combined techniques. [[Mass Spec Desk Reference|Sparkman]] suggests that, for example, GC/MS be used to describe the technique of gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection and GC-MS to indicate the instrument. Thus one uses a GC-MS to obtain a GC/MS. | |||
The revised IUPAC Standard Definitions of Terms Relating to Mass Spectrometry document must contain a general recommendation on when to use punctuation, when to use a hyphen and when to use a slash when describing combined techniques. | |||
